Ellen Kurek

An 18-year cohort study of severely mentally ill Afro-Caribbeans reported conflicting advisory from current tardive dyskinesia standards.

A rare variant of CYP2R1 doubles the risk of low vitamin D and increases MS risk by 40%.

Researchers gauged 3 pooled study results to consider the safety and tolerability of marketed valbenazine for TD.

Serum levels of interleukin-7 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 appeared to provide the most accurate means of identifying large differences in disease risk.

After the 4-week washout phase, scores indicated re-emergence of TD.

According to the review, understanding the basis for the neurodegeneration of MS is the next big challenge for the treatment of the disease.

Until recently, researchers were able to measure only the total concentrations of alpha and beta isomers instead of quantifying each of the 4 isomers.

Valbenazine a breakthrough for patients treated empirically to date.

A highly effective antipsychotic with no major motor side effects is needed.

Determining optimal dose, full benefits & risks requires long-term clinical use.

Studies show rates of depression and suicidality similar to those for placebo.

Optometrists were more likely to recommend supplements with macular carotenoids, while ophthalmologists recommended supplements with the AREDS formula of vitamins and minerals.

Treatment with the new VMAT-2 inhibitors is likely to transform TD management.

Decreases in motor and disability scores after surgery persisted for years.

These mediators may help maintain retinal functional integrity, preserve vision.

Higher log contrast sensitivity correlated with decrease in central retinal thickness.

Trial patients' total maximal chorea score improved by 2 points in 8 weeks.

Patients' tongues are more affected in mood disorders than in schizophrenia.

After 24 weeks, 96% of study patients had stable or better visual acuity than they did at baseline.

APL-130277 began relieving “off” episodes 5–12 minutes after administration.

The positive results came from a 3 fixed-dose Phase III trial involving nearly 300 patients.

Disease may start in its autonomic nerve endings and ascend to the brainstem.

85% of subjects also took antipsychotic medications, usually atypical agents.

A 3-point median score change may be considered an MCID for a robust response.

The TOLEDO study noted it also increased “on” time without troublesome dyskinesia.

No evidence of adverse events or significant safety concerns has surfaced.

The development was presented by David Eidelberg, MD, at the 21st International Congress of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders.

Scores on key scales improved 20%–28% after 1 year of jejunal levodopa/carbidopa.

Patient- and clinician-rated outcomes were keys in supporting labeling claims.