Internal Medicine

A literature search found no well-documented evidence showing that implementing a gluten-and-casein-free diet in children with autism produces statistically significant differences in autism-related behaviors.

The American Heart Association (AHA) has released a scientific statement on severe obesity in children and adolescents highlighting the health risks, challenges, and limitations of treatment for this issue.

Study shows that the use of telemedicine by primary stroke centers and other hospitals increases access to specialized stroke care for patients living in rural and medically underserved areas.

Study results show that a structured educational intervention for staff aimed at improving knowledge of pain assessment and treatment has little effect on outcomes as measured by pain scores.

Correlation between change in brain volume and a clinical measure of cognitive function could be potential marker for clinical progression of multiple sclerosis.

Researchers assess the relationship between various characteristics of nocturnal hot flashes and sleep disturbances in women with non-metastatic breast cancer.

Combination therapy with two antibiotics is not better than one and may be worse for children with gram-negative bacteremia, doctors found in a 10-year retrospective study.

A worldwide survey conducted by the Multiple Sclerosis International Federation has discovered that 2.3 million people around the globe currently live with multiple sclerosis (MS) - a 10 percent increase in the autoimmune disease's prevalence since 2008.

A team of German researchers has identified differences in metabolic health patterns across an obese population.

Though former imaging studies have proposed that white matter dysfunction predicts the development of multiple sclerosis (MS), a recent study supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) suggests that those previous researchers were concentrating on the wrong area of the brain.

Aerobically fit students have greater odds of passing a state accountability math and reading test compared to their aerobically unfit peers, according to a recent study published in the Journal of Pediatrics.

Even though they reviewed dozens of scoring tools, researchers concluded that surgeons still don't have an ideal tool to predict severity in early acute pancreatitis.

A review of clinical evidence shows pharmacological agents that inhibit bone loss could slow the progression of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Long-term usage of crofelemer, a drug that relieves noninfectious diarrhea symptoms in patients with HIV, was well-tolerated and produced few adverse events in a recent study.

Although fecal microbial transplant is highly effective in treating recurrent C. difficile infection, a survey of infectious disease specialists shows that several barriers prevent the treatment from being available at most institutions.

Study results show that daptomycin cleared MRSA infections within four days of treatment in 80% of patients and was particularly effective against extra-vascular infections.

Researchers suggest that monitoring for the loss of CD62L expression on CD4+ T cells is a biomarker for risk assessment in patients treated with natalizumab who may develop PML, since other treatments do not show this pattern of C62L loss of expression.

Late-breaking study results reported at ECTRIMS 2013 indicate that neurofilament levels may be reliable biomarkers of nerve damage and disease progression in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis.

Study results show that treatment with riluzole did not slow the rate of brain atrophy and did not demonstrate a detectable neuroprotective effect in patients with early RRMS.

Patients treated with oromucosal nabiximols spray experienced up to 30% reduction in spasticity, as measured by a numerical rating scale, after 12 months of treatment.

Clinicians can use the MSPT, an iPad-based neurological performance test that simulates and extends the Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite, to measure motor and visual function in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Acid reduction from PPI treatment may alter bacterial flora in the digestive system, which may increase an individual's susceptibility to infection.

Shortening IFN-free combination treatment of chronic HCV to 16 weeks and eliminating the induction dose of deleobuvir reduces viral load and treatment-induced side effects, according to a recent clinical trial.

Study results show that patients treated with Stribild had significantly reduced viral load and increased CD4 counts after 96 weeks, with fewer patients discontinuing treatment due to side effects.

Patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis treated for two years with alemtuzumab demonstrated improved disease-related disability scores compared to patients who received treatment with subcutaneous interferon beta-1a.

Study results show that hip flexion weakness and, to a lesser extent, ankle dorsiflexion weakness have the greatest impact upon changes in walking speed as MS progresses

Implementation of computerized customized order entry sets in a large urban hospital reduced HIV medication error rates by more than 35%.

Study finds men with HIV and chronic HCV infection are more likely to receive treatment than women. The same study also indicates Caucasians with HIV and HCV co-infection are more likely to receive treatment than their African-American counterparts.

Steven P. Levine, MD, says the implications of altering the microbiome may extend beyond C. difficile to mental health, given the new insight into the connection between the gut and mind.

Researchers reported the MMRV and separately administered MMR plus varicella vaccines were associated with a greater incidence of fever, seizures, and immune thrombocytopenia purpura seven to 10 days after vaccine administration.